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Mark these words. In 10 years time we'll still be hearing the same comments about Waymo & their competitors because there still will be certain combinations of passenger, route & conditions that Waymo will refuse to take without a safety driver along.

But since Waymo will handle the vast majority of rides we'll just tune out those comments.

Handling all rides & conditions is a very hard problem and it'll take decades to solve.

But scaling from "a few" to "most" is a much easier problem and one that I have confidence that Waymo will achieve. And "most" can be very useful & profitable.



I assume we're talking about city driving. I'm not sure about the USA, but being in Europe, the average speed my car says I go is 28.5 km/h. Do you think we could not solve traffic for 10 years if we slowed cars down to 30 km/h? With assumption being that a city-wide driverless system would easily 'swim' through the city without encountering red lights or slowdowns due to unpredictiveness of other drivers. We could even tolerate a little bit more errors because accidents would not be harmful too much.


I'm a big fan of Sweden's Project Zero, one leg of which is setting and enforcing a speed limit of 30 km/h on any road or street without fully separated pedestrian & cycle infrastructure. I don't know if self-driving will help accomplish this everywhere, but I'd be ecstatic if it did.

> We could even tolerate a little bit more errors because accidents would not be harmful too much.

instead of "harmful too much" you can simply use "fatal". 30km/h is a pretty magic value: below that speed pedestrian collisions are very rarely fatal. Serious perhaps, but not fatal. Above that speed they are often fatal.


About the speed of a sprinting human, unsurprisingly.


The average human cannot sprint that fast. I'd peg the average person sprinting closer to half that (obviously there's a lot of variance, but I think only the top 1% of athletes could run 30 kph even for 5 seconds). For a frame of reference, try to run at the top speed of a treadmill (most max out at 15 mph, and most people can't go that fast - at least not at the gym).


The fastest athletes can max out at nearly 45 kph when given a running start.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footspeed

But I’m not sure that the average human could even run 100m these days.


Average human (not a child or pregnant) before cities (ie., when human morphology evolved)? Quite likely I would guess.


You're both right because 30 km/h = 18,6 mph


I assume safety drivers will be used when they expand into new cities to make sure they are able to learn the traffic patterns, etc.


An oft-repeated adage in the self-driving engineering circles is "the last 10% is 90% of the work"






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